Numbers

1. Bir, ikki, uch

   Bir, ik-ki, uch

   One, two, three

   Usage

   Basic numbers used when indicating quantities at bazaars or restaurants.

   Grammar Note

   Uzbek numbers share roots with other Turkic languages (bir = Turkish bir, ikki = iki). Number + noun for quantities.

2. To'rt, besh, olti

   To'rt, besh, ol-ti

   Four, five, six

   Usage

   Numbers four to six. Used for times and prices.

   Grammar Note

   To'rt contains the rounded o' vowel. In the 1993 Latin script, o' replaced the Cyrillic ў.

3. Yetti, sakkiz, to'qqiz

   Yet-ti, sak-kiz, to'q-qiz

   Seven, eight, nine

   Usage

   Numbers seven to nine.

   Grammar Note

   Uzbek numbers are regular. Yetti (7) is cognate with Turkish yedi. To'qqiz shares form with Kipchak Turkic.

4. O'n, yigirma, o'ttiz

   O'n, yi-gir-ma, o't-tiz

   Ten, twenty, thirty

   Usage

   Multiples of ten. Essential for prices and ages.

   Grammar Note

   O'n (10) is a pan-Turkic root (cf. Turkish on). Yigirma comes from Classical Chagatai. Uzbek descends from Old Turkic.

5. Qirq, ellik, oltmish

   Qirq, el-lik, olt-mish

   Forty, fifty, sixty

   Usage

   Numbers 40 to 60. Used in price negotiations and time expressions.

   Grammar Note

   Qirq (40) is cognate with Turkish kırk.

6. Yetmish, sakson, to'qson

   Yet-mish, sak-son, to'q-son

   Seventy, eighty, ninety

   Usage

   Numbers 70 to 90.

   Grammar Note

   Yetmish (70) derives from yetti (7). Uzbek decade numerals trace back to Classical Chagatai and Old Turkic.

7. Yuz, ming, million

   Yuz, ming, mil-li-on

   Hundred, thousand, million

   Usage

   Large numbers. Uzbekistan's currency (som) often involves large figures.

   Grammar Note

   Yuz (100) and ming (1000) are pan-Turkic roots. Million is an international loanword.

8. O'n

   Ten (10)

   Usage

   The number 10 alone. Used in time expressions like "soat o'nda" (at 10 o'clock).

   Grammar Note

   Time expressions: soat (hour) + number + -da (at). E.g. soat o'nda = at 10 o'clock. Soat is from Arabic sāʿa.

9. Birinchi, ikkinchi, uchinchi

   Bi-rin-chi, ik-kin-chi, u-chin-chi

   First, second, third

   Usage

   Ordinal numbers used for hotel floors and order in a queue.

   Grammar Note

   Ordinals are formed by cardinal + -inchi (-nchi). Birinchi = bir (one) + -inchi. Typical of Uzbek regular suffix system.

10. Nol, bir, ikki, uch, to'rt, besh

    Nol, bir, ik-ki, uch, to'rt, besh

    Zero, one, two, three, four, five

    Usage

    Used when reading out phone numbers or addresses.

    Grammar Note

    Nol (zero) is borrowed via Russian "ноль" (from Latin nullus).

11. Bir juft

    A pair / two of them

    Usage

    Buying items that come in pairs, like socks or shoes.

    Grammar Note

    Juft (pair) is borrowed from Persian juft. Persian loanwords are abundant in everyday Uzbek vocabulary.

12. Men yigirma yetti yoshdaman

    Men yi-gir-ma yet-ti yosh-da-man

    I'm 27 years old

    Usage

    How to answer "Necha yoshdasiz?" (how old are you?). Swap the number for any other age.

    Grammar Note

    "Yosh" (age) + locative "-da" + first person "-man" = "I am N years old" — the question form in "Necha yoshdasiz?" with "-siz" swapped for "-man". Compound numbers run "larger + smaller".

13. Bu yil men yigirma sakkiz yoshda bo'laman

    Bu yil men yi-gir-ma sak-kiz yosh-da bo'-la-man

    I turn 28 this year

    Usage

    Used in the year your age changes. "Yigirma sakkiz yoshga to'laman" (I complete 28 years) is an equally common alternative.

    Grammar Note

    The first-person singular present-future of "bo'lmoq" (to become / to be) is "bo'laman". It adds an explicit verb to the bare "-man" predicate to give future reference.

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