Cooking & Markets

1. Palov qanday tayyorlanadi?

   How is plov (pilaf) prepared?

   Usage

   Asking how to prepare plov, Uzbekistan's national dish

   Grammar Note

   "tayyorlanadi" is the passive form of "tayyor qilmoq" (to prepare)

2. Qozon o'tda qizdiriladi.

   The cauldron is heated over fire.

   Usage

   Explaining a cooking step involving heating over fire

   Grammar Note

   "qizdiriladi" is the passive form of "qizdirmoq" (to heat)

3. Piyoz va sabzi maydalanadi.

   Onion and carrot are chopped.

   Usage

   Describing the step of chopping vegetables

   Grammar Note

   "maydalanadi" is passive of "maydalash" (to chop); "va" means "and"

4. Go'sht qovuriladi.

   The meat is fried.

   Usage

   Describing the step of frying meat

   Grammar Note

   "qovuriladi" is the passive form of "qovurmoq" (to fry)

5. Guruch qo'shiladi va suv quyiladi.

   Rice is added and water is poured.

   Usage

   Describing a plov cooking step

   Grammar Note

   "qo'shiladi" and "quyiladi" are passives of "qo'shmoq" and "quymoq"

6. Ziravorlar qachon solinadi?

   When are the spices added?

   Usage

   Asking when to add spices during cooking

   Grammar Note

   "-lar" is the plural suffix; "solinadi" is passive of "solmoq" (to put in)

7. Xamir yaxshilab qoriladi.

   The dough is kneaded well.

   Usage

   Describing the dough kneading for bread or non flatbread

   Grammar Note

   "yaxshilab" is the adverbial form of "yaxshi" (good); "qoriladi" is passive of "qormoq"

8. Ovqat tayyor bo'ldi.

   The food is ready.

   Usage

   Announcing that the food is ready

   Grammar Note

   "tayyor bo'ldi" = "tayyor" (ready) + "bo'ldi" (became), meaning "became ready"

9. Bu taomning retsepti qanday?

   What is the recipe for this dish?

   Usage

   Asking for the recipe of a specific dish

   Grammar Note

   "-ning" is the genitive suffix meaning "of"

10. Non tandirda yopiladi.

    Bread is baked in a tandoor.

    Usage

    Explaining how traditional Uzbek non bread is baked in a tandoor

    Grammar Note

    "yopiladi" is the passive of "non yopmoq", the dedicated verb for baking bread (distinct from general "pishirmoq", to cook); "-da" is locative

11. Tuz

    Salt

    Usage

    Point at this to ask for salt at the table or in the kitchen

12. Shakar

    Sugar

    Usage

    For asking for sugar; lump sugar is called "qand"

13. Qora qalampir

    Black pepper

    Usage

    For asking for black pepper; "qalampir" alone usually means chili, so always keep "qora" (black)

14. O'simlik yog'i

    Vegetable oil

    Usage

    For cooking oil; "yog'" alone also covers animal fat and butter, so keep "o'simlik" (plant). Cottonseed oil ("paxta yog'i") is the local standard

15. Sirka

    Vinegar

    Usage

    For asking for vinegar; served alongside lagman and salads

16. Sariyog'

    Butter

    Usage

    For asking for butter; literally "yellow fat"

17. Pishloq

    Cheese

    Usage

    For asking about cheese; the dried cheese balls called "qurt" are a different thing — intensely sour and salty

18. Asal

    Honey

    Usage

    For asking for or buying honey; the same word is also a name and a term of endearment, but at the table it means honey

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